Showing posts with label switzerland. Show all posts
Showing posts with label switzerland. Show all posts

Thursday, August 5, 2010

Swiss lawyer indicted in US after advising HSBC client

Felix Mathis, a Zurich-based lawyer at Froriep Renggli LLP, allegedly helped Dr. Andrew Silva, of Virginia, conceal from U.S. authorities foreign bank accounts at HSBC, according to an indictment filed last week at federal court in Alexandria.

A warrant has been issued for Mathis' arrest, but he is not yet in U.S. custody.

The pair used a Liechtenstein trust called Pentruvoi Trust to hide the existence of the Swiss accounts, according to the indictment.

Dr. Silva admitted his role in the transaction and received a sentence of 2 years probation. He admitted not having reported funds held at HSBC Holdings Plc. An HSBC spokeswoman declined to comment. More in http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-06-15/surgeon-avoids-prison-for-plotting-to-hide-hsbc-cash-update1-.html

HSBC claims it does not condone or assist tax evasion http://in.reuters.com/article/idINTRE66E74S20100715However, its website advertises the benefits of offshore banking http://www.offshore.hsbc.com/1/2/international/offshore-banking and its potential tax benefits http://www.offshore.hsbc.com/1/2/international/offshore-banking/tax-benefits

Read more at the Washington Examiner: http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/local/Lawyer-accused-of-helping-hide-Swiss-bank-accounts-1001106-98639599.html#ixzz0vPN9WqJN


Copy of the indictment in USA v Felix M. Mathis, No.1:10-CR-260 in the U.S. District Court in the Eastern District of Virginia can be read at http://www.scribd.com/doc/34434671/USA-vs-Felix-Mathis

Friday, July 9, 2010

Pensionado faces 3 years in prison for failure to report offshore account

A 75-year old US citizen faces a 5-year prison sentence for failure to report an offshore account at UBS Switzerland held under the name of a Panamanian corporation with nominee directors. The alleged tax loss to the U.S. was about $60,000.

If only he had hired a lawyer to file the TD F 90-22.1 FBAR form....



Ex-UBS Client Zaltsberg Admits Hiding $2.6 Million
July 01, 2010, 12:44 PM EDT
By David Voreacos

July 1 (Bloomberg) -- A former UBS AG client who played soccer on the Soviet national team pleaded guilty to failing to tell U.S. tax authorities about $2.6 million held in an offshore account.

Leonid Zaltsberg, 75, admitted that he didn't declare to the Internal Revenue Service a nominee Panamanian account set up with the help of a UBS banker and a Swiss lawyer he didn't identify in federal court in Newark, New Jersey.

"Did you seek advice from UBS employees on how to keep your foreign bank account hidden from the IRS?" U.S. District Judge Stanley Chesler asked Zaltsberg, who answered in the affirmative.
...

Soviet Athlete

Zaltsberg was a member of the Soviet Union's national soccer team in the 1960s and played in the World Cup, according to his daughter, Larisa Beyder, who attended the hearing. He came to the U.S. from Ukraine in 1989 and settled in Milltown, New Jersey, said his attorney, James DiPietro. Zaltsberg, who became a U.S. citizen, was a metals trader from 1990 to 2004, DiPietro said.

Zaltsberg, who is now an adviser to the Ukrainian national soccer team, suffers from bladder and prostate cancer, as well as depression, DiPietro said. He's also had open-heart surgery and four stents inserted, his daughter said.

Zaltsberg, speaking through an interpreter, admitted that he set up a UBS account in 1993, and that he set up the Panamanian corporation, Belton Capital Corp., in 2000. Zaltsberg said he created Belton to hide his assets from the IRS.

In pleading guilty to filing a false tax return in 2003, Zaltsberg also admitted that he failed to file Reports of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts, or FBARs, from 2000 to 2007. He will pay $1.3 million, or a 50 percent FBAR on the highest amount of his account, DiPietro said. The tax loss to the U.S., the lawyer said, was about $60,000.

The case is United States of America v. Leonid Zaltsberg, U.S. District Court, District of New Jersey (Newark). http://www.justice.gov/usao/nj/press/press/files/pdffiles/Zaltsberg,%20Leonid%20Information.pdf

--Editors: John Pickering

Full text in http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-07-01/ex-ubs-client-zaltsberg-admits-hiding-2-6-million.html

More From Businessweek

Tuesday, February 9, 2010

How safe is your data in a Swiss bank?

Taxes 06.02.2010

http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,5220904,00.html

Germany steps up hunt for tax evaders

Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: Germany is to pay 2.5 million euros for the Swiss bank data


German tax investigators are reportedly in France for negotiations with an informant to buy stolen Swiss bank data on 1,500 alleged tax evaders. The move comes amid reports of a fresh offer of data on tax cheats.

German magazine Focus reported on Saturday that tax authorities would acquire the controversial data on the weekend in France.

Quoting sources close to the investigation, the Munich-based magazine said the unnamed informant had insisted on a secret meeting in a neighboring country for fear of being arrested in Germany.

Germany is to pay a reported 2.5 million euros ($3.4 million) for the stolen data on 1,500 German clients of a Swiss bank. Reports say the data could potentially yield at least 400 million euros in tax revenues.

The decision to buy the illegally-obtained information has divided the German government and strained relations with Switzerland.

On Saturday, Germany's Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaueble said Switzerland's fabled banking secrecy laws were outdated and needed to be dismantled.

"Bank secrecy cannot be an instrument in the 21st century used to evade taxes," Schaueble told the Sueddeutsche Zeitung newspaper.

"There's no future for bank secrecy. It's finished. Its time has run out."

The decision by Germany to pay for the stolen data has sparked anger in Switzerland. Politicians in the country say Berlin's willingness to buy stolen data raises worrying ethical questions.

Two more German states offered data

Meanwhile, a new set of data with details of alleged tax evaders has reportedly been offered to German authorities in the southwestern state of Baden-Wuerttemberg and the southern state of Bavaria.

On Friday, Bertram Dornheim, a spokesman for the state's Finance Ministry, which was contacted by the informant offering the new data, could not confirm how many Swiss accounts were involved, nor whether the informant had asked for a fee for the information.

But he did say that the informant had supplied authorities with samples of data on potential tax cheats last year and had now "supplied additional, substantial quantities of data."

He added that the "potentially very interesting" information was currently being examined.

The Frankfurter Rundschau daily reported that the new disk contained information on around 2,000 German investors holding accounts in Switzerland. The newspaper reported that many of the accounts were with Swiss lenders UBS and Credit Suisse.

dfm/AP/AFP



Whistleblower asking for 2.5 million Euros (Video) http://www.reuters.com/news/video?videoId=36598786

Position of the Swiss Bankers Association SBA on the purchase of stolen data by Germany on 2 February 2010 http://www.swissbanking.org/en/home/stellungnahmen.htm/stellungnahme-20100130.htm









Tuesday, July 21, 2009

UBS wins court stay: justice made or election payback?

Offshore providers elsewhere take note: big checks at election time may give relief from anti-tax haven measures...

.

Obama’s Double-Edged Sword
Guest Column By Paul R. Hollrah July 16, 2009
In a July 14th editorial titled "Picking on the Swiss," the Wall Street Journal criticizes the Obama Administration for attempting to require the Swiss Bank, UBS, to turn over to the IRS the names of some 52,000 US taxpayers who currently maintain secret accounts with the bank.
According to the Journal, "This sort of fishing expedition expressly violates the U.S.-Swiss treaty on sharing tax information. The original treaty dates back 30 years, and under the pact the Swiss regularly provide the IRS with information on specific cases. But what the IRS is attempting here is a mass search of U.S. taxpayers merely for banking in Switzerland."
In response, the Justice Department argues that "UBS systematically marketed its private banking services in order to avoid U.S. taxation," which, in fact, they did.
The Journal concludes, "Apart from the diplomatic ramifications, the government's request for so broad a swath of information could well run afoul of the Fourth Amendment's protections against unreasonable search. The Obama Administration should use the court reprieve to rethink the whole case."
Actually, it is surprising that the IRS, currently supervised by Obama's tax-cheating Treasury Secretary, Timothy Geithner, would actually pursue such information. The last thing that Obama needs is for U.S. authorities to have the names of UBS's American clients, a list that could then be compared with Obama's Federal Election Commission filings from the 2008 election.
Here's a bit of background, and why it represents a double-edged sword for Obama.
In a July 22, 2008 article in The Nation magazine, titled, "Attack of the Global Pirate Bankers," it was disclosed that Robert Wolf, CEO of UBS Americas, had been "outed" in six months of hearings conducted by the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, then chaired by Senator Carl Levin (D-MI).
So, aside from being CEO of UBS's North American subsidiary, exactly who is Robert Wolf? Wolf is, along with the world's most evil man, George Soros, one of Obama's two top financial backers. He is also a highly influential member of Obama's Council of Economic Advisors.
In it's article, The Nation tells us, "Last week in Washington we got a rare look inside the global private banking industry, whose high purpose it is to gather up the assets of the world's wealthiest people and many of its worst villains, and shelter them from tax collectors, prosecutors, creditors, disgruntled business associates, family members, and each other."
According to a Statement of Facts in the June 2008 criminal trial of former UBS executive Bradley Birkenfeld, UBS took significant steps to help American clients manage their Swiss accounts without alerting U.S. government authorities. For example, the Statement of Facts described how UBS advised American clients to withdraw funds from their accounts using Swiss
credit cards that "could not be discovered by U.S. authorities," to "destroy all off-shore banking records existing in the U.S.," and to "misrepresent the receipt of funds from their Swiss accounts... as loans from the Swiss bank."
The Nation reported that, "To achieve these results, UBS established an elaborate formal training program," which coached UBS bankers on how to avoid surveillance by U.S. Customs and law enforcement, how to falsify visas, how to encrypt communications, and how to secretly move money into and out of the U.S. undetected. It was, as I suggested in a July 28, 2008 column titled, "Who Owns Barack Obama," the perfect instrument for funneling illegal foreign contributions into the coffers of an ambitious and unscrupulous American politician.
I suggested, just for the sake of argument, that a billionaire international financier who wished to influence the outcome of the American presidential elections, could transfer unlimited sums of money through this device. A U.S. recipient, such as the Obama campaign, could receive hundreds of thousands of individual contributions via Swiss credit card transfers, with fictitious payees being entered by teams of paid staffers working in a "boiler room" setting. The owners of the Swiss accounts would receive periodic statements indicating: a) debits of varying amounts, up to $2,300 each, and b) offsetting credits provided by the wealthy, but unnamed, "international financier."
...

If some American taxpayers are hiding taxable income from the IRS through the use of a Swiss bank account, it's only fair that they be identified and punished. Every American taxpayer who pays his/her taxes in full would agree with that. However, if the United Bank of Switzerland is ultimately forced to turn over the names of its 52,000 American depositors, and those names are then compared with UBS credit card receipts received by the Obama campaign, there'll be hell to pay. It's a double-edged sword for Obama and it couldn't happen to a better guy.
Given the newsworthiness of the underlying story, the Wall Street Journal may wish to reevaluate its editorial stance. The uncovering of a few thousand tax cheats is small potatoes compared to the unearthing of the largest electoral
fraud in history... a fraud that facilitated the purchase of the presidency of the United States.
...

Full text in http://www.aim.org/guest-column/obamas-double-edged-sword/


President Barack Obama shakes hands with Robert Wolf, Chairman & CEO, UBS Group Americas, after signing an executive order establishing the new Economic Recovery Advisory Board as members of the Board gather around him in the East Room of the White House in Washington on February 6, 2009.



The skeleton in Obama’s money closet
By Judi McLeod Thursday, July 24, 2008
Robert Wolf, CEO of UBS Americas, who has bundled more than $370,850 for Barack Obama so far this year, is one of the most embarrassing skeletons in BO’s money closet, now that the financial institution Wolf heads up in America has been outed in The Nation’s Attack of the Global Pirate Bankers.

“…This crowded docket, combined with the UBS mea culpa, almost distracted us from the sordid details of the Levin Committee’s actual findings,” investigative journalist James S. Henry, wrote in The Nation on Tuesday.

It’s not as if Wolf is just another number in the contribution side of the ledger paying for Obama’s race to the White House.

Among the groupies pushing Obama’s rock star-status, Wolf stands at the front of the line.

Wolf was “wowed” by the Senator from Illinois when he first met in December 2006. “He handed Obama his card and said, “I’d like to get to know you more.” (John Heilemann, New York Magazine, April 16, 2007). Obama phoned the next day. “When we hung up, he said, `I’ll call you after the holidays,’ and I’m thinking, Yeah, right, he’s gonna call me,” Wolf says. But call Obama did. The next week they had dinner in Washington, just the two of them, on the night that George W. Bush gave his speech announcing the surge of additional troops into Iraq. “I felt so honored to be sitting down with him for two hours on an occasion like that,” Wolf recalls, “knowing that he was going off to be interviewed on television later.”

“Within ten days, Obama had announced his intention to run and Clinton was officially in. A story in the Times reported that Obama had nailed two A-list New York donors: Soros and Wolf. But though Soros’s backing was a symbolic coup, it’s Wolf who has emerged as Obama’s most copious cash collector in the city so far—hosting two high-dollar cocktail parties, making countless calls, harvesting more than $500,000.

“As Wolf tells me about the soirees he’s hosted, he reaches into a meticulously organized scrapbook, takes out a photograph of him and Obama grinning madly, and tells me that I can keep it. “The way Barack has taken this nation with his rock-star status,” he says, “it’s very exciting!”

But Obama’s biggest New York groupie was nowhere around in last Thursday’s standing-room only hearing on tax haven banks and tax compliance held by the US Senate’s Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, chaired by Michigan Senator Carl Levin.

Wolf’s financial institution’s parent company UBS, Switzerland’s largest bank and the world’s largest private wealth manager, with $1.9 trillion in client assets and nearly 84,000 employees in fifty countries, including 32,000 in the United States, was one of two exposed in the results of the Congressional Committee’s six-month investigation.

It was not UBS’s most honorable corporate moment.

“The Statement of Facts in the Birkenfeld criminal case describes additional actions taken by UBS bankers to help U.S. clients manage their Swiss accounts without alerting U.S. authorities. It states, for example, that UBS bankers advised U.S. clients to withdraw funds from their accounts using Swiss credit cards that “could not be discovered by the United States authorities”, to “destroy all off-shore banking records existing in the United States”; and to “misrepresent the receipt of funds from the Swiss bank account in the United States as loans from the Swiss Bank.”440. The Statement of facts also discloses that, on one occasion, “at the request of a U.S. client, defendant Birkenfeld purchased diamonds using that U.S. client’s Swiss bank account funds and smuggled the diamonds into the United States in a toothpaste tube,” presumably so that the U.S. client could obtain possession of his Swiss assets without alerting U.S. authorities.441. It also states that Mr. Birkenfeld and his business associate Mario Staggl “accepted bundles of checks from U.S. clients and facilitated the deposit of those checks into accounts at the Swiss bank” and elsewhere, presumably to assist the clients in making transfers to their Swiss accounts, again without alerting U.S. authorities.442.

But wait a minute, didn’t Obama tell AP last April, “We’re proud of the fact that we were able to do this (collecting just $1 million less than rival Hillary Rodham Clinton’s record haul) without any money from federal lobbyists or PACs”?

And does find it mind boggling that Obama was one of three congressional sponsors of the new “bundling disclosure” provision in the Disclosure of Contributions “Bundled” by Lobbyists as a key provision in new Lobbying Disclosure Law to be interpreted and implemented by the Federal Elections Commission (FEC)?
...

From Attack of the Global Pirate Bankers, ˆ”In 2001, UBS had signed a formal “qualified intermediary” agreement with the US Treasury. Under this program, it agreed either to withhold taxes against American clients who had Swiss accounts and owned US stocks, or disclose their identities. However, when UBS’s American clients refused to go along with these arrangements, the bank just caved in and lied to the U.S. government. Eventually, it concealed 19,000 such clients, partly by helping to form hundreds of offshore companies. This cost the US Treasury an estimated $200 million per hear in lost taxes.”

Of the high fliers in the “utterly unprincipled global private banking industry”, Henry concludes: “They wield enormous political influence even without paying taxes, merely by making contributions, threatening to withhold them—or better yet, threatening to abscond with their capital unless certain conditions are met. In a sense, this is the ultimate libertarian pipe dream: representation without taxation. But it is a nightmare for the rest of us, and we must design and organize our way around it.”
...


Full text in http://www.canadafreepress.com/index.php/article/4088

Monday, April 6, 2009

BBC News: British and Chinese tax havens excluded from G-20 list

Ministers have claimed that the Isle of Man has escaped being named on the G20 summit's blacklist of tax havens.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/7981492.stm






he leaders of the G20 agreed to crackdown on tax havens. Now the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development has published a list of countries not complying with international standards. The move has caused an uproar among some of the world's most powerful nations.
Richard Scott reports.



Switzerland eases bank secrecy


Switzerland, the world's largest offshore financial centre, has agreed to accept concessions on bank secrecy.

It is estimated that Switzerland's banks hold $2 trillion (£1.4tn) of global wealth held abroad.



Tax evasion change
The Swiss government confirmed that in line with OECD rules, it would now respond to overseas requests for information in cases of suspected tax evasion, and not just tax fraud.
WHAT IS A TAX HAVEN?
Low or no taxation
Lack of transparency
Refusal to provide information to foreign tax authorities
Andorra, Liechtenstein, and Monaco classed as "uncooperative tax havens"
Source: OECD
The main difference between tax evasion and tax fraud is that the former is the deliberate concealing of assets, while the later also involves lying on official documentation.
Unlike most countries, tax evasion is a civil offence in Switzerland. Only tax fraud is a criminal matter.



Full text in http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7941717.stm



Switzerland has agreed to accept concessions on bank secrecy and will now abide by international rules on bank data sharing but the Swiss government said it would only respond to "concrete and justified" requests.
Switzerland, which is the world's largest offshore financial centre, had risked being added to a global blacklist of uncooperative tax havens.
The Chancellor Alistair Darling told the BBC that the change was a "major move" for Switzerland.

Video http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7942955.stm

Friday, February 6, 2009

HSBC and CreditSuisse targeted for IRS probe




Business :: -->
IRS investigates Credit Suisse for tax fraud, says NY Times
Updated 18:07 New York, NY, USA (TSR, Fre) - First UBS and now Credit Suisse: the IRS, in inquiries which are increasingly far-reaching into fiscal evasion and fraud by US citizens and their overseas banks, has reportedly been investigating Credit Suisse and London-based HSBC since September, according to the New York Times. But Credit Suisse in Zurich says it has no knowledge of such investigations and HSBC saying the same.

The banks are suspected by the IRS of helping US taxpayers “hide assets of up to $30 million in offshore accounts,” reports the paper. To date no names of managers have surfaced and Credit Suisse refused to comment on the article, reports TSR, but it does insist it observes all laws and regulations.

Posted by :: Ellen Wallace on 2 December 2008 at 17:24 permalink



HSBC, Credit Suisse added to federal probe, report says

Posted by Associated Press December 02, 2008 10:42AM
Categories:
Banks
NEW YORK -- The Department of Justice has added Credit Suisse and HSBC to an investigation into foreign banks that sell offshore private banking services, according to a report Tuesday in The New York Times.
The Justice Department was already investigating whether Swiss banking giant UBS AG helped U.S. taxpayers hide assets overseas to avoid paying taxes.
The Justice Department declined to comment on the investigation.
Credit Suisse spokesman Jan Vonder Muehll in Zurich said the bank has no knowledge of any investigation against it by U.S. authorities.
HSBC spokesman Donal McCarthy in London said, "We are not aware of HSBC being investigated in connection with its offshore private banking services in the U.S. and HSBC has not received any contact from the U.S. authorities with regard to any such investigation."
McCarthy added that HSBC complies with all laws in countries where it does business and "cooperate with investigations when required to do so."
The Times, citing unnamed sources, said the investigation into Credit Suisse and HSBC began in September and is focusing on whether the two banks illegally helped wealthy American clients hide $30 billion overseas to avoid declaring the cash to the Internal Revenue Service. The investigation will determine if the clients themselves violated any laws as well.
Last week, UBS said it uncovered cases of tax fraud by some of its U.S. clients after it examined files as a result of the Justice Department investigation. The U.S. had initially asked for assistance in July.
UBS Chairman Peter Kurer said an investigation turned up a "limited number of cases of tax fraud under both U.S. and Swiss law."
Last month, a senior UBS executive was charged in the United States with conspiring to hide $20 billion in assets from the IRS.
The indictment claims that the chief of UBS' wealth management business, Raoul Weil, helped about 20,000 U.S. clients conceal assets in offshore accounts between 2002 and 2007. About 17,000 of the customers hid their identities and their Swiss bank accounts from the IRS and many of them filed false income tax returns, according to the indictment.



Monday, April 28, 2008

Liechtenstein foundations become less atractive with secrecy breach

Modern private foundations (Stiftungs) are a
creation of Liechtenstein, a small Principality
nestled between two neutral countries of
Switzerland and Austria. Along with the
Establishement (Anstalt), Liechtenstein provides
structures which are used to hold assets in bank
accounts protected by legal confidentiality.

Early 2008 has shaken the confidence of the
confidentiality in Liechtenstein with the sale by
two bank officials of the names of bank account
holders to taxx authorities of Germany, Spain,
Portugal and - according to Der Spiegel - even
the U.S. http://www.spiegel.de/international/business/0,1518,537640,00.html

Former LGT-Liechtenstein Landesbank bank official
Heinrich Kieber
<http://www.spiegel.de/international/business//international/business/0,1518,535768,00.html>sold
a DVDs to the German Financial Intellegence
agents for close to €5 million ($7.4
million). Spanish investigators were after
Kieber for a 1996 fraudulent real estate deal in
Barcelona, which had earned Kieber 600,000 Swiss
francs ($553,000). He apparently fled to
Argentina before returning to Liechtenstein,
where he began working for LGT Bank in April
2001. More than half of the investors and about
3,100 foundations and establishments on the DVDs
are from abroad. Some are part of organized crime
in the Balkans and in Russia, including both
well-known and relatively unknown companies.

Unlike in Germany, where foundations serve a
specific not-for-profit purpose , the law in
Liechtenstein and Panama allows the founders of a
foundation to benefit themselves and their
dependents. Tax rates for foundations in
Liechtenstein are also very low and are exempt
from property, earned income and profit taxes.
Only an annual capital tax needs to be paid,
which amounts to 0.1 percent of the paid capital
or 1,000 Swiss francs (620 euro/$904), whichever
is greater. For capital valued between 2 million
Swiss francs and 10 million Swiss francs, the tax
rate is 0.075 percent. Capital valued above 10
million Swiss francs is taxed at a rate of 0.05
percent. Liechtenstein foundations are
available for US$3,000, while Panama Foundations
are available for US$950 and not taxed on income
from non-Panama activities (including interest from Panama bank accounts).

German tax authorities have no problem with
interest made in Liechtenstein as long as it is
declared in tax filings. To keep the money hidden
from German financial officials , according to
the DSTG, many people start foundations using a
name that doesn't identify the founder and
entrust the foundation's management to a trustee.
According to DSTG estimates, within
Liechtenstein's 160 sq km, there are roughly
80,000 letterbox companies , many of which share
an official address with many foundations. To
hide even more tracks from the tax investigators,
the foundation's capital can be deposited in a Swiss bank account.

Switzerland and especially Liechtenstein have
very strict bank secrecy . This is supposedly
part of Liechtenstein's "basic attitude and
tradition," as the country's Web site says.
Financial institutions in Liechtenstein strictly
reject all requests for account information even
from German tax investigators.

It remains to be seen how long secrecy
last. Just before the Kieber debacle, the
Liechtenstein government announced
<http://www.liechtenstein.li/en/eliechtenstein_main_sites/portal_fuerstentum_liechtenstein/fl-staat-staat/fl-staat-aussenpolitik/fl-staat-aussenpolitik-aktuell/fl-staat-aussenpolitik-aktuell-presse.htm?&show=15&pmid=94536>amendements
to the foundation law to be circulated for consultations.


RELATED SPIEGEL ONLINE LINKS

*

<http://www.spiegel.de/international/business//fotostrecke/0,5538,29291,00.html>Photo
Gallery: Cloak and Dagger Dealings in the
<http://www.spiegel.de/international/business//fotostrecke/0,5538,29291,00.html>Alps

*

<http://www.spiegel.de/international/business//international/germany/0,1518,537139,00.html>The
World From Berlin: 'The Tax Scandal Has Reached a New Level' (02/22/2008)

*

<http://www.spiegel.de/international/business//international/business/0,1518,536777,00.html>The
Liechtenstein Affair: German Banks Suspected of
Helping Clients Evade Taxes (02/21/2008)

*

<http://www.spiegel.de/international/business//international/europe/0,1518,536299,00.html>The
Mouse That Roared: Liechtenstein Furious at Germany Over Tax Probe (02/19/2008)

*

<http://www.spiegel.de/international/business//international/business/0,1518,535768,00.html>Massive
Tax Evasion Scandal in Germany: The Liechtenstein Connection (02/16/2008)

*

<http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe//international/business/0,1518,535230,00.html>Raid
on Zumwinkel's Home and Office: Authorities
Investigating Deutsche Post CEO for Tax Evasion (02/14/2008)

Liechtenstein bank shares tumble as German
authorities carry out more tax raids

http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/02/18/business/18raidsfw.php .

Liechtenstein agrees to change Foundation law

http://www.liechtenstein.li/en/fl-portal-aktuell?newsid=15879